Anthropology Practice Test 2025 – The Comprehensive All-in-One Guide for Exam Success

Ethnographers employ a variety of field techniques to gather qualitative data and understand cultures from the inside out. The genealogical method, participant observation, and conversation are all integral to ethnographic research, as they allow researchers to engage deeply with the communities they study.

The genealogical method is a systematic way of collecting historical and social data about families and kinship structures, which is essential for understanding social relationships in many cultures. Participant observation involves living within a community for an extended period, ensuring that the ethnographer can observe behaviors and rituals in their natural settings while also participating in daily life. Conversation, a fundamental form of communication, facilitates informal interviews and allows the ethnographer to gather insights into the people's thoughts, beliefs, and practices.

Telephone questionnaires, on the other hand, are not a characteristic field technique of ethnography. They are more commonly associated with quantitative research methods, where structured questions are posed to a wide sample of respondents. Ethnography emphasizes in-depth, qualitative data and immersive methodologies, which cannot be effectively captured through remote questioning alone. This disconnect in approach defines why telephone questionnaires do not align with the typical practices of ethnographers.